Experimental Study on the Efficiency Improvement of Flat Plate Solar Collectors Using Hybrid Nanofluids Graphene/Waste Cotton

Flat plate solar collectors can easily be termed as the most vastly studied alternative energy transforming and generating technology of twenty-first century. As world is racing towards fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), more being consumed for mega projects to materialized. Electronic devices are not only confined conventional intermittent costlier electric energy, but also fuel. Solar now shared work smart devices, transform operate automobiles, aeronautics, water heating, space heating. Traditional flat occupy 50–60% their thermal efficiency, resulting in less heat generation a low performance because using common absorber made copper tubing compared high conductive metal sheet (copper or aluminum). To ameliorate efficiency collector, it imperative find superior exchanger that will result improved collector. In this study, light has been shed terms substituting absorbers with crystal nano-cellulose (CNC) graphene hybrid. An empirical comparison drawn by comparing familiar 0.3% base fluid, 0.5% graphene, CNC separately, well 0.3%, CNC, hybrids at different temperatures. Remarkably, proven hybrid fluid volumetric fraction concentration temperature 80 °C, gave astounding results conductivity, viscosity, other parameters. nanofluid substitute prolific performance.